The Tigrinya-speaking Tigray people of highland Eritrea and northern Ethiopia trace their heritage to the ancient Kingdom of Aksum, one of the ancient world’s major powers, which adopted Christianity as its state religion in the 4th century AD. Today around 4.9 million Tigrinya speakers live roughly evenly split between Eritrea and Ethiopia’s Tigray region.
Tigrinya is written in the same Ge'ez script as Amharic, but the two are separate languages: Tigrinya first appears in writing in a 13th-century legal text from southern Eritrea, centuries before Amharic became Ethiopia's dominant written language.