The Kikuyu are Kenya’s largest ethnic group, settled in the highlands around Mount Kenya (which they call Kirinyaga) since roughly the 17th to 19th centuries. They led the Mau Mau uprising against British colonial rule beginning in 1952, one of the pivotal movements in Kenya’s path to independence.
In Kikuyu tradition, Mount Kenya (Kirinyaga, 'mountain of whiteness') is the dwelling place of the supreme being Ngai, and the mountain is said to mark the spot where Ngai gave the first man, Gikuyu, his homestead.