The Chewa are the largest of Malawi’s Maravi peoples, whose ancestors migrated from the Katanga region of what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo in the 15th and 16th centuries. They built the Maravi Empire, which at its 17th-century peak controlled much of present-day Malawi, eastern Zambia, and Mozambique, and successfully resisted Portuguese encroachment.
Chewa boys are traditionally initiated into Nyau, a masked secret society whose members perform Gule Wamkulu ('the great dance'), recognized by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.